The µSD socket extends near the edge of the shield, where the card should be inserted. There are even some LEDs poking out the end. Inside that little RJ-45 jack are a number of transformers and magnetics required for isolating Ethernet signals (you could say this jack is.more than meets the eye). The W5100 is supported by a number of components - capacitors, a crystal, reset monitors - but most especially an Ethernet jack, actually a MagJack. All of the communication between the W5100 and the Arduino is SPI-based and handled using the Ethernet library, which we'll discuss in the firmware section below. This alleviates a lot of programming stress on us and memory stress on the Arduino. The W5100 is a powerful little chip, which implements all sorts of complex network protocols - TCP, UDP, ICMP, IPv4, ARP, IGMP, PPPoE, and the physcial Ethernet layer. The SparkFun Ethernet Shield is comprised of two stand-out components - a Wiznet W5100 TCP/IP embedded Ethernet controller and a µSD socket.
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